Background

Following the independence of most Africa countries from the 1960s onwards, there has been a consciousness for a united Africa founded on sustained economic development. That this has been an enduring ambition for the continent is understandable. Under the weights of centuries of colonial rule, most of Africa remains poor characterised by uneven economic leverage and fiscal and structural adjustment programmes suited and reflective of the developmental agenda of the global North. Although many African States gradually began to experience investment booms, particularly from the 1990s onwards, these gains were not sufficient.

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